Discipline or Discrimination? School Punishment and Its Impact on Delinquent Behavior in Adolescents

Abstract

Maintaining order in schools often involves disciplinary strategies intended to guide student behavior; however, certain practices may inadvertently affect students’ sense of belonging and behavioral development. This research explores the complex relationship between school discipline approaches and behavioral outcomes among adolescents. Utilizing survey data from 812 students across both urban and rural secondary schools, the analysis identifies that measures such as temporary removals from class and public corrections are more frequently directed at specific student groups, potentially leading to perceptions of unequal treatment. Applying logistic regression and path analysis, the research examines how students’ perceptions of fairness in disciplinary actions influence the connection between school responses and behavioral tendencies with the p- value of <0.001. Results indicate that excessively strict or inconsistently implemented disciplinary measures may be counterproductive, highlighting the importance of consistency and perceived fairness. Research promotes more supportive and participatory approaches to school discipline that foster communication, equity, and student inclusion. Implications for educators and youth support systems are discussed.